In this project, we will make a Arduino based Visitor Counter with an Automatic Light Control System using Infrared sensor. The pair of IR sensors can detect the visitor IN/OUT directions and display presence of Visitor inside the building or store. The device counts the total number of people presence and automatic light. When no people are inside the room, i.e. the total number of people presence is zero then the room light is turned off.
Circuit Diagram
Components Required
Arduino Uno - 1 no
LCD16x2 I²C - 1no
Obstacle Avoidance IR sensor Module - 2 nos
Relay 1 channel - 1 no
Infrared Obstacle Avoidance IR Sensor Module
The IR sensor module consists mainly of the IR Transmitter and Receiver, Opamp, Variable Resistor (Trimmer pot), output LED in brief.
IR LED Transmitter
IR LED emits light, in the range of Infrared frequency. IR light is invisible to us as its wavelength (700nm – 1mm) is much higher than the visible light range. IR LEDs have light emitting angle of approx. 20-60 degree and range of approx. few centimeters to several feet's, it depends upon the type of IR transmitter and the manufacturer. Some transmitters have the range in kilometers. IR LED white or transparent in colour, so it can give out amount of maximum light.
Photodiode Receiver
Photodiode acts as the IR receiver as its conducts when light falls on it. Photodiode is a semiconductor which has a P-N junction, operated in Reverse Bias, means it start conducting the current in reverse direction when Light falls on it, and the amount of current flow is proportional to the amount of Light. This property makes it useful for IR detection. Photodiode looks like a LED, with a black colour coating on its outer side, Black colour absorbs the highest amount of light.
LM358 Opamp
LM358 is an Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) is used as voltage comparator in the IR sensor. the comparator will compare the threshold voltage set using the preset (pin2) and the photodiode’s series resistor voltage (pin3).
Photodiode’s series resistor voltage drop > Threshold voltage = Opamp output is High
Photodiode’s series resistor voltage drop < Threshold voltage = Opamp output is Low
When Opamp's output is high the LED at the Opamp output terminal turns ON (Indicating the detection of Object).
Variable Resistor(Preset POT)
The variable resistor used here is a preset. It is used to calibrate the distance range at which object should be detected.
How to Use IR Sensor Module?
The 5 VDC supply input is given to the VCC pin and the supply negative is connected to the GND terminal of the module. When no object is detected within the range of the IR receiver, the output LED remains off.
When a object is detected within the range of the IR sensor the LED glows.
Applications
Obstacle Detection
Industrial safety devices
Wheel encoder
Pin Configuration
Pin Name Description
VCC Power Supply Input
GND Power Supply Ground
OUT Active High Output
IR Sensor Module Features
5VDC Operating voltage
I/O pins are 5V and 3.3V compliant
Range: Up to 20cm
Adjustable Sensing range
Built-in Ambient Light Sensor
20mA supply current
Mounting hole
Installing the Arduino Library
LiquidCrystal_I2C.h : you need to Download and install the LiquidCrystal_I2C library.
Follow the next steps to install those libraries.
In your Arduino IDE, to install the libraries go to Sketch > Include Library > Add .ZIP library… and select the library you’ve just downloaded.
After installing the required libraries, copy the following code to your Arduino IDE.
Subscribe and Download code.
After a successful upload, open the Serial Monitor at a baud rate of 9600. Press the “EN/RST” button on the Arduino Uno board and Open Serial monitor and see the result in Serial monitor.
